“We work hard to provide the best products we can in every region and honour our commitments everywhere we do business,” the company said in a statement.
On Monday, Chinese state broadcaster CCTV said that authorities in Beijing had launched a probe “in accordance with the law”.
It said Nvidia had been accused of violating commitments made in 2020 when it acquired Mellanox Technologies, a smaller firm.
It comes after a fresh crackdown by the US last week, which saw restrictions on sales to 140 companies including Chinese chip firms such as Piotech and SiCarrier without special permission.
At the time, China responded with new tough rules restricting sales of key minerals to the US, including antimony, gallium, and germanium.
Analysts noted that the move was significant for singling out the US for such restrictions, instead of instituting blanket limits.
Several trade groups representing Chinese firms also spoke out, warning their members against buying from US companies.
Founded in 1993, Nvidia was originally known for making the type of computer chips that process graphics, particularly for computer games.
The tech giant now stands at the forefront of the development of chips that power artificial intelligence (AI), with a market value of more than $3tn.
Its growing dominance of the industry has caught the attention of competition regulators in the US and elsewhere.
Last month, Nvidia acknowledged it had been contacted by watchdogs around the world, including in the US, the UK, the European Union, South Korea and China.
But the company has also been caught in the middle of rising geopolitical and economic tensions between the US and China, as the two countries race to establish dominance over high-end chips.